Main 5m ques Geo Drainage

 07. Explain the difference between Himalayan & Peninsular Rivers ?

Ans: 
HIMALAYAN RIVERSPENINSULAR RIVERS
These rivers are origin from Kailash Range of Himalayas near Manasarovar lake in Tibet
These rivers are origin from Central Highland & Western Ghats of  Peninsular Plateau
Himalayan rivers are perennial in naturePeninsular rivers are non perennial in nature 
Main source of these rivers are Rainfall & melting of Glacier
These rivers are depend only on rainfall
The region in which these rivers are flow hardly require irrigationThe region in which these rivers flow highly require irrigation
These rivers mostly create floods and cause destruction 
These rivers do not create much floods
These rivers create DeltasThese rivers create Deltas & Esturies
These rivers fall in Arabian Sea & Bay of Bengal
These rivers also fall in Arabian Sea & Bay of  Bengal
These rivers have large river basinThese rivers have smaller river basin compare to Himalayan rivers
The Himalayan rivers have long courses from their source to the sea.The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses
The major Himalayan Rivers are
Indus, Ganga, & Brahmaputhra
The major peninsular rivers are 
Godavari, krishna, Mahanadi, Kaveri, Narmada, Tapi etc


16. Explain the Drainage System of River Ganga.
Ans:
• The river  Ganga has twin sources. 
• The main source is the Gangotri glacier where it is called the Bhagirathi. 
• The other is Satopanth glacier 
•  It is located the north-west of Badrinath where it is called the Alakananda. 
• The two join at Devprayag to form the R. Ganga  and emerges from the hills of Haridwar.
• It flows in the direction of south east
• It cover the distance of around 2500 km, which makes it as the longest river in India
• The tributaries of River Ganga can be classified based on their origin
• Himalayan tributaries of Ganga are : Yamuna, Gomti, Sarda, Ghaghra, Gandak and Kosi
• Peninsular Tributaries of Ganga are : Chambal, Betwa, Ken, Son 
• The river Yamuna rises from the Yamunotri Glacier in the Himalayas.
• The river yamuna  meets the Ganga at  Prayagraj, Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh
•  The Ganga flows eastwards till Farakka in West Bengal.
•  Farakka is the the northernmost point of the Ganga delta.
• The river Bhagirathi-Hooghly is a distributary of river Ganga.
• The river Ganga is known by Padma in Bangladesh
• The mainstream, flows southwards into Bangladesh and joined by the Brahmaputra.
• Further downstream, it is known as the Meghna.
• The largest Delta in the world 'Sunderban' is formed by the rivers Ganga and Brahmaputra
• The river Ganga has Dendritic drainage pattern
• The Ambala water divide seperate Indus and Ganga at Haryana


19. Explain the Drainage System of Peninsular rivers.
Ans:
 
RiverOriginDirection of flowDistanceTributariesStatesSpecial features
GodavariTriambak plateau in MaharashtraEastward1500 kmPurna, Wardha, Pranhita, Manjira, Wainganga & PengangaMaharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha & Andhra PradeshLargest peninsular river.
It is also known as Dakshin ganga
KrishnaMahabaleeshwar hills in MaharashtraEastward1400 kmTungabhadra, Ghataprabha, Malaprabha, Bhima & MusiMaharashtra, Karnataka & AndhrapradeshSecond largest peninsular river
NarmadaAmarkantak hills in Madhya PradeshWestward1300 kmKharmer, Burhner, Banjar,Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and GujaratThe ‘Marble rocks’,near Jabalpur, and the ‘Dhuadhar falls are some of the notable ones.
The highest statue in the world "Statue of Unity" built on the banks of this river
MahanadiSihawa mountains in chattisgarhEastward860 kmSeonath, Mand, Ib, HasdeoMaharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and OdishaThe longest earthen dam in the world, the Hirakud Dam is built over in this river
CauveryBrahmagiri Range in karnatakaEastward760 kmAmravati, Bhavani, Hemavati and Kabini.Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil NaduThe river Kaveri makes the second biggest waterfall in India, known as Shivasamudram Falls.
TaptiMultai hills of stapura range in Madhya PradeshWestward720 kmGirna, NesuMadhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and GujaratTapti River overflowed its banks during heavy rains during the monsoon season and kills 1000 of people

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