Class 9 Physical features of India Notes
Social Note From Physical Feature Of India
RELIEF FEATURE OF INDIA
22/06/2021
Que : Latitudinal and Longitudinal Extension of Telangana
Answer
Latitudinal Extension of Telangana is 15 ° 55 ' N to 19 ° 56 ' N
Longitudinal Extension of Telangana is
77° 15 ' E to 80 ° 46 ' E
Que : The Sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh at east as compared to Gujarat at west.But the clock shows same time.How does this happen ? ( Fair Note Que )
Answer
01. Earth rotates from west to east so Arunachal Pradesh at east of India gets sun rises earlier than the Gujarat at west
02. The longitudinal Extension of India is 68°7' E to 97°25' E
03. There is 30 degree longitudinal difference from west to east of India
04. Earth take 4 min to cover 1 longitude
05. So there is 2 hours difference from East Arunachal Pradesh to West Gujarat of India
06. To avoid this problem Indian Government had select a central longitude 82° 30' E which passes through the city of Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh
07. The people all over India follow the time which comes on this meridian and taken as Indian Standard Time ( IST )
08. This is the reason sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh at east than Gujarat at west but the clock shows same time.
Que : Explain the Geological background of Indo Gangetic Plain.
Answer
01. The breaking off from the northern corners of the peninsular plateau led to the formation of a large Basin.
02. In due course of time, this basin slowly got filled with sediments deposited by the Himalayan rivers from north and peninsular rivers from south.
03. This created the extensive, flat northern plains called Indo Gangetic Plain of India.
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24/06/2021
Que : Define Glacier : The Slow moving river of ice is called Glacier.
Que : Explain the formation of Himalayas
Answer
01. World land forms originated from two giant lands namely Angara land (Laurasia) and Gondwana land.
02. The Indian peninsula was part of Gondwana land.
03. Over 200 million years ago Gondwana land split into pieces.
04. The peninsular Indian plate moved towards North-East and collided into the much larger Eurasian Plate (Angara land).
05. Owing to the collision and immense compression force, mountains evolved through a folding process over millions of years.
06. Through this process the present Himalayas were formed.
Que : Write a short note on Himalayas.
Answer
01. The Himalayan ranges run in the west – east direction in the form of an arch.
02. Its distance about 2400 kms.
03. Its Width differ from 500 km in the west to 200 kms in central & east.
04. Its area is about 5000 sq. km.
05. The Himalayas comprise of three parallel ranges.They are
01. Himadri ( Greater Himalayas )
02. Himachal (Lower / Lesser Himalayas )
03. Shivalik ( Outer Himalayas )
06. These ranges were separated by deep valleys and extensive plateaus.
Que : Write a short note on Himadri / Greater Himalaya.
Answer
01. The northern most range of Himalayas is known as Greater Himalayas
02. This is also known as Himadri.
03. This is the most highest, loftiest & continuous ranges in the Himalayas.
04. Its average elevation is about 6100 mts above from the mean sea level (MSL).
05. The highest mountain peaks of the world such as
etc are found here.
06. It composed of snow & ice cover.
07. The Glaciers are also found here, Its melting is the main source of perennial rivers.
Que : Write a short note on Middle Himalayas / Himachal / Lower or Lesser Himalaya.
Answer
01. The mountain range which runs parallel between the Shiwaliks in the south and Great Himalaya in North is classified as Middle Himalayas.
02. This is also known as Himachal or Lower / Lesser Himalayas.
03. This is the most rugged and intricate relief of Himalayas.
04. Is height varies from 3500 to 4500 mt above MSL.
05. Its width varies from 60 to 80 km.
06. The important ranges of the Middle Himalaya are Pirpanjal, Dhaola Dhar, Mussoorie Range, Nag Tiba & Mahabharatha Lekh.
07. Pirpanjal Range which is located in kashmir is the longest & most important range of Middle Himalaya.
08. The Famous valley of Kashmir in the Middle Himalaya locate between Zhaskar Range & Pirpanjal Range.
09. Other important valleys such as Kangra & Kullu of Himachal Pradesh also locate in Middle Himalya / Himachal.
10. The famous hill stations such as Shimla (HP), Chakrata, Mussoorie, Nainital, Almora, Raniket (UK), Darjeeling (WB) etc. are located here.
11. Many of these hill stations are used as Summer resorts.
12. The Middle Himalayan Ranges are less hostile and more friendly to human contact.
Que : Write a short note on Shiwalik / Outer Himalaya.
Answer
01. The Southern most range of the Himalayas are called Shiwalik Range.
02. This is also known as Outer Himalayas.
03. It is formed in the last stage of formation of Himalayas.
04. It has a hogback like appearance due to its steep north slopes.
05. It runs parallel to lesser Himalaya with distance of 2400 km from Potwar Plateau (Pakistan ) to Brahmaputra Valley.
06. It's width varies from 50 km in Himachal Pradesh to less than 15 Km in Arunachal Pradesh.
07. It's Altitude varies from 600 mts to 1500 mts.
08. It has unbroken succession of low hills accept a gap of 80-90 Km wide which is occupied by the valley of River Tista.
09. The valleys lying between Himachal & Shiwalik are called Duns in the west and Duars in the east are prominent here.
10. This valleys are formed by the draining of lakes where the Himalayan rivers deposited silt & sediments.
11. Dehradun in Uttaranchal is the best example for it.
12. Shiwalik range is called by different names in different region.
Jammu hills in Jammu,
Mishmi Hills in Arunachal Pradesh ,
Cachar hills in Assom.
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29/06/2021
Que : Write a short note on Purvanchal
Answer
Que : Himalayas play a vital role in the India's development, Comment. Or
Importance of Himalaya in India / Uses of Himalayas ( Fair Note Que )
Answer
01. Himalayas act as a barrier protecting the northern great plain of India from the cold winds of central Asia during severe winter.
02. Himalayas are the reason for summer rain in the region beyond the western Ghats of India.
03. It makes monsoon type of climate in India.
04. The melting of glaciers help in the formation of perennial rivers.
05. The silt and gravel brought by these rivers make the northern plain very fertile with alluvial soil.
06. It helps to boosting of agricultural development in the northern plain.
07. With the increasing of raw material from agriculture help to develop industries in India.
08. Through industries there can generate large no of employments.
09.The major dams can built across the perennial rivers which help economic development in the country by generating hydro electricity, providing irrigation facilities etc.
10. The valleys and hill stations of the Himalayas have been attracted people all over the world.
11. It promote tourism and bring foreign currency to India which helps to develop the country.
12. The Alpine vegetation of the Himalayas is an important contribution of forest economy
13. Without having the Himalaya India would be a tropical desert.
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13/07/2021
Que : Explain the formation of Indo-Gangetic Plain
Answer
01. Indo-Gangetic plain was formed by the Interaction of three Himalayan rivers such as Indus, Ganga & Brahmaputra and their tributaries.
02. 200 mill years ago it was a shallow basin, later it gradually filled with alluvial soil brought by the Himalayan rivers.
03. The Indo-Gangetic plain broadly consist of three divisions
A. Western part
B. Central Part
C. Eastern Part
01. The Western part of the Indo-Gangetic plain was formed by the river Indus & Its tributaries such as Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas & Sutlej.
02. Most of the Indus river basin is located in pakistan leaving minor portion of Punjab & Haryana plains in India.
03. The 'Doab' features dominate the fertile land between two rivers here.
01. The Central part of the Indo-Gangetic plain was formed by the river Ganga & Its Northern tributaries such as Yamuna, Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi & The southern tributaries such as Chambal, Betwa, Tumsa, Ken, Son.
02. It is mainly spread in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and partly in Haryana, Jharkhand & West Bengal.
03. Most thickly populations are found in this region.
01. The Eastern part of the Indo-Gangetic plain was formed by the river Brahmaputra & Its tributaries such as Lohit, Teesta, Subansri etc.
02. It is mostly exists in the Brahmaputra valley of Assam.
Que : Explain the special features of Indo-Gangetic Plain
Answer
01. The Special features of the Indo-Gangetic plains are
Bhabar , Terai, Bhangar and Khadar.
Bhabar : The Himalayan rivers while flowing down, deposit gravel and pebble sediments in a narrow belt of 8 to 16 kms width found parallel to foot hills of Shivaliks are called Bhabar.
Terai : Small rivers and streams flow underground through Bhabar and reappear in lower areas and form a swampy and marshy region called Terai.
Bhangar : Older alluvial soil is called Bhangar
Khadar : Newer alluvial soil is called Khadar
Que : Indo-Gangetic plains have high density of population, Find the reason ( Fair Note Que )
Answer
Indo-Gangetic Plain have high density of population due to the following reasons...
01. During the time of India's partition many people migrated the region of Terai and cleared it's thick forest and used for agricultural operations.
02. The Himalayan rivers deposit gravel & pebble sediments made this land very fertile with alluvial soil.
03. With the help of alluvial soil Agricultural productions are boosting in this region.
04. Plenty of water available here by flowing of perennial rivers.
05. Since develop in agriculture lead to develop in Industries.
06. Many people from different parts of the country migrated this region for employment in Industries and made this region as a thickly populated.
Que : Explain Peninsular Plateau.
Answer
01. Indian plateau is also known as the peninsular plateau as it is surrounded by the sea on three sides.
02. It is mainly composed of the old crystalline, hard igneous and metamorphic rock.
03. Large amounts of metallic and non metallic mineral resources are found here.
04. It has broad and shallow valleys with rounded hills.
05. The topography of the plateau is slightly tilted towards east.
06. It is bordered with Aravalli range at northwest,
Bundelkhand & Baghelkhand at North,
Rajmahal Hills at Northeast,
Eastern Gahats at East,
Western Ghats at West,
Kanyakumari at South
07. The River Narmada divides the Peninsular plateau into two broad divisions.
08. The Northern part of the R. Narmada is called Central Highland and the southern part is called Deccan plateau.
01. The portion of Peninsular plateau found north of R. Narmada is called Central highland.
02. The major plateau of central highlands are Malwa & Chotanagpur.
03. The Central Highland is also known as Malwa Palteau.
04. The Chotanagpur plateau is rich in minerals.
05. The Central Highland is bordered with Aravalli at Northwest
Bundelkhand & Bhagelkhand at North
Rajmahal Hills at Northeast
Vindhya Range at South.
01. The portion of Peninsular plateau lying to the south of R. Narmada, a triangular land mass is called the Deccan Plateau.
02. It is bordered with Satpura Range at North edge
Mahadev, Kaimur & a portion of Maikal range are at eastern edge.
Eastern Ghats at east, Western Ghats at west, Nilgiri hills at south
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17/07/2021
Que : Explain the difference between Western Ghat & Eastern Ghat.
Answer
Que : Explain the difference between Western & Eastern Coastal Plain. ( Fair Note )
Answer
22/07/2021
Answer
01. Indian desert is also known as Thar desert.
02. It is located in the leeward side of aravalli range.
03. It receive very little rain fall ranging from 100 to 150 mm.
04. It occupies much of western Rajasthan.
05. It has an arid climate.
06. Luni is the only river in this area.
07. Main vegetation found here are cactus and date palm.
08. Many hectares of desert land have been brought under cultivation through Indira Gandhi Canal
Que : Explain the difference between Lakshadweep & Andaman Nicobar Island.
Answer
Que : Plateau region in India do not support agriculture as much as the plain regions, What are the reason for this ? ( Fair Note )
Answer
The plateau region in India do not support agriculture as much as the plain region because the following reasons
01. In comparison to the Gangetic plains, the plateau region is dry.
02. The rivers which flows here are non perennial in nature
03. Plateau region is mainly composed of old crystalline & hard igneous rocks
04. It is one of the most ancient land blocks on the earth’s surface.
05. The irrigation for the secondary crop depends on deep tube wells and tanks
06. But the plain region has plenty of water with perennial rivers
07. These rivers deposit silt, gravel & sediments made the plain region very fertile with alluvial soil.
08. This is the reason the plateau region in India do not support agriculture as much as the plain region.
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